I have recently come into possession of a Japanese rifle from World War 2. The back story I got was that a friend of my fathers picked it up from one of the battles in the pacific theater. That is all I know. I researched the gun and came up with a few findings that I am pretty sure of, but I have a ton of questions????? First off, the rifle has an intact Mum. According to the type designation it is a type 38. The bolt has a matching serial number as far as I can tell.
The Arsenal mark is consistent with either the Koishikawa Arsenal or the Kokura Arsenal. Everything else about the action, barrel and trigger appear to be legit and straight forward.
However, the stock is a bit confusing. First off, there is no sling mount on the base of the rifle, yet it has a sling mount on the foregrip part. The wooden stock piece only covers the bottom of the rifle with no wooden piece on the top, just in front of the sight. Every picture I have seen of the Type 38 has a piece of wood on the top of the rifle from the sight, going forward about 8 inches or so.??? Im not sure if this is a special version of the Type 38, a war era alteration, or a post war alteration. The stock looks like its vintage, but Im no expert.!
I will have some pics soon that i can post, as Im sure thats what people might need to distinguish what the heck i have.!! Thanks in advance for your help.!!! Welcome to the Forum, Duke.
The intact mum means that your Type 38 is a battlefield pickup/vet bring-back. That means it commands a premium. Most of the Arisaka rifles you see have the mum defaced in some way.
The Mum marked the rifle as the Emperor's property, not to be surrendered. By defacing it (the term collectors use is 'scrubbed'), it became just another rifle and could be surrendered without violating the code of bushido. As far as the handguard being missing, it's possible it was lost over the years or rotted away in the jungle before your father's friend acquired it. If you scout around on the Internet (I'd start with Gunbroker.com) you might be able to track one down. Of greater interest is the absence of the rear sling swivel. Is there a hole in the stock where something was removed, or none at all?
If there isn't one, that would be of more interest to me. Japanese rifles aren't my specialty, but there are those on the Forum who know a great deal about them.
Please post photos when you can. It makes trying to help you a whole lot easier. I'm sure the Japanese collectors can tell you all you want to know about your rifle. Very nice T38 there! Hard to see, but looks to be a 26th series Kokura. Need a clearer shot of the serial. If your fathers friend is still with us, maybe get a documentation of the history.
As far as cleaning it. Depends on what you want to do. A collector would want it as is, with all the preservative grease intact. If you want to shoot it, I'd suggest wd40 as its gentle and cuts through grease easily.
The bolt is very simple to break down. Clean the bore like any other rifle. Edit: the stock has me a bit baffled. I need to look that up. Thanks for the reply. I have no intention of shooting this rifle. I am just inquiring as to the appropriate way to preserve it so that it can retain what value it has.
Also, I am attaching some additional pics. In the pics, you can see there is no place for the cleaning rod to go into at the end of the rifle.
You can also see there is no sling swivel on the butt stock and it doesnt even look asa though it was there and removed. I do not see any evidence that it was. I am thinking more and more that the stock is either a hasty wartime fix or a post war attempt to make a complete rifle with original T38 parts.
Thanks for the reply. I have no intention of shooting this rifle. I am just inquiring as to the appropriate way to preserve it so that it can retain what value it has.
Also, I am attaching some additional pics. In the pics, you can see there is no place for the cleaning rod to go into at the end of the rifle. You can also see there is no sling swivel on the butt stock and it doesnt even look asa though it was there and removed. I do not see any evidence that it was. I am thinking more and more that the stock is either a hasty wartime fix or a post war attempt to make a complete rifle with original T38 parts.
My Grandfather brought back a Type 38 from Guadalcanal. It's now in my dad's possession and we recently had it cleaned up to shoot (we haven't shot it yet).
This is actualy the first rifle either of us has owned, and we've had to start learning a lot about T-38's. As far as I can figure, the original stock should have been made up of two pieces, but I've seen where those two pieces have broken apart in a lot of cases.
A lot of Arisakas were brought back with the intention of actualy being used by the soldier who captured it and they would modify it. It wouldn't surprise me if your dad's friend replaced the stock.
It was also common for the Type 38 to be rechambered because the 6.5mm round wasn't very powerful. You might take it to someone and figure out what the rifle is chambered for. Also, what is the overall length of the gun?
Contents. History and development The Imperial Japanese Army introduced the in 1897. However, the weapon had numerous shortcomings, which were highlighted by combat experience in the early stages of the. These included bursting cartridges, a poorly designed in which excess gunpowder tended to accumulate, burning the face of the shooter, frequent misfires, jamming, difficulty in cleaning, and cartridge extraction. Major undertook a redesign of the Type 30, which was introduced in 1906.
Nambu reduced the number of parts making up the Type 30's bolt from nine to six and at that same time simplified manufacture and disassembly of the bolt without the need for tools. A dust cover was added because of experiences in the Russo-Japanese War that left rifles inoperable from dust. The weapon was produced in several locations:. from 1906 to 1932; 2,029,000 units (est.).
from 1933 to 1941: 494,700 units (est.). from 1932 to 1942: 312,500 units (est.).
Jinsen (in what is now ) arsenal from 1942 to 1942: 13,400 units (est.). Hoten (was called Mukden Arsenal before the Japanese took it over. In what is now ) arsenal from 1937 to 1944: 148,800 units (est.) By 1940 more than three million Type 38s had been issued to the Imperial Japanese Army.
However, shortcomings in the Type 38 design during the led to the introduction of a further generation of rifles, designated the from 1939. This new rifle used the more powerful cartridge already in use with the and the. However, not all units received the new weapon, and the mixture of types with incompatible cartridges led to considerable logistics issues during World War II. Description and variant types The Type 38 rifle used the cartridge. This cartridge produces little recoil when fired. However, while on par with the and military cartridges of the time, the 6.5×50mm was not as powerful as several others in use by other nations. The Type 38 at 1,280 mm (50.4 in) was the longest rifle of the war, due to the emphasis on bayonet training for the Japanese soldier of the era, whose average height was 160 centimeters (5 ft 3 in).
The rifle was even longer when the 400 mm (15.75 inches) was fixed. The Type 38 was fairly heavy, at about 4.25 kg. Post-war inspection of the Type 38 by the and the found that the Type 38's receiver was the strongest bolt action of any nation's and capable of handling more powerful cartridges.
Type 38 carbine Intended for use by, and other non-frontline troops, the Type 38 carbine was introduced into service at the same time as the standard Type 38. Its barrel was 487 millimeters (19.2 in), overall length 966 millimeters (38.0 in), and weight 3.3 kilograms (7.3 lb). The rifle lacked a bayonet. It was produced in a number of locations:. Tokyo Arsenal from 1906 to 1931; 210,000 units (est.). Kokura arsenal from 1938 to 1941: 49,500 units (est.). Nagoya arsenal from 1935 to 1942: 206,000 units (est.).
Hoten/Mukden arsenal from 1938 to 1944: 52,300 units (est.) Type 38 cavalry rifle In the late 1930s to the early 1940s, an unknown number of Type 38 rifles were converted into cavalry rifles at, that did all rebuilds of Type 38 and Type 44 rifles and carbines. The barrels were shortened to 635 mm (25.0 in) from the standard 794 mm (31.3 in) barrel and the stock shortened to match the barrel while the handguard retained its original length. The end result is a Type 38 which is similar in size to the Type 99 Arisaka.
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The designation as a 'cavalry rifle' is unusual as at that time the cavalry branch was in decline and it is far more likely these rifles were issued to second line troops instead. There is no consistency to serial numbers or arsenal marks as the rifles were converted from existing stock. Although total production is unknown, it is estimated that approximately 100,000 were converted. Similar to the Type 38 carbine from the middle band back. The cavalry carbine is almost entirely different from the middle band forward with an under-folding bayonet, metal nosecap, stacking hook to the left side of the nosecap and wide front sight guards. This model was introduced in 1911. There are three variations of this rifle.
Each variation based entirely on the nosecap size and the spacing of the nosecap screws. They have a unique storage compartment in the buttstock for a cleaning rod.
As with the standard Type 38, but with a rifle scope with 2.5x magnification, introduced in 1937. The scope was offset to allow loading by stripper clip and bolt handle slightly bent down. Some 14,000 were produced. Chinese Six/Five infantry rifle Chinese copy of the Japanese Type 38 at the Arsenal in the very late 1920s to early 1930s for the warlord of province, General. The receiver is marked 六五步槍 or 'six-five rifle'.
Estimated to have been 108,000 made. Type 918 rifle These copies of the Type 38 rifles are believed to have been manufactured at the South Manchuria Army Arsenal (also known as the 918 Arsenal), but very little is known about them. Chinese sources state that these rifles were made in China for Japan, but for whom it is not known.
It does not bear the Japanese Imperial Chrysanthemum, but instead has a heart symbol and under it written '918 Type' (九一八式). It is also not known if these were made before or right after the surrender of Japanese forces. It has an under-folding bayonet similar to the Japanese Type 44. The 918 stamped on top of the receivers stands for the date of September 18, 1931; the date of the.
North China Type 19 carbine A relatively crude copy of the Type 38 carbine that is believed to have been made mostly in the Chinese city of Tientsin and may have been intended for puppet troops. Unlike the that is a copy of the Type 30 carbine, but in, this Type 19 is chambered in the Japanese 6.5x50sr cartridge. Like the other Type 19, it also has a cherry blossom on the receiver and not the Japanese Imperial Chrysanthemum and also says 'North China Type 19' (北支一九式). The 19 may mean the 19th year of Showa Era or 1944. The true military designation is unknown.
Approximately 40,000 carbines are thought to have been produced. Siamese Type 66 long rifle Siam (Thailand) ordered 50,000 Type 38 rifles in 1924 from the Tokyo Army Arsenal chambered in their Type 66 8x52r cartridge.
The receiver is marked with the Siamese Charkra with 'Type 66' (แบบ ๖๖) written under it. Not only was the caliber changed, but the sights, bayonet and cleaning rod are different than the Japanese version. Almost all parts, including screws cannot be interchanged with the Japanese Type 38.
Thai Type 83 rifle Unlike the Siamese Type 66 (แบบ ๖๖), this rifle is a standard Japanese Type 38 in 6.5x50sr that was sent as aid from Japan to Thailand in 1940. These were taken straight from assembly lines at Nagoya and Kokura arsenals, after the Japanese Imperial Chrysanthemum was canceled out by zeros along the petals. In Thailand they called it the Type 83 (แบบ ๘๓). These rifles were issued to second-line troops to free up rifles in their main caliber from front line duties for the.
Later in the 1950s, some of these rifles had their barrels and stocks cut down to short rifle length with many of those being rechambered for.30-06 Type 88 cartridge and becoming Type Type 83/88s (แบบ ๘๓/๘๘). Very few of these rifles were imported into the United States because of the restricting former military arms from entering the country. Thai Type 91 police carbine Made after World War II, these carbines were made in Thailand at the Royal Thai Arsenals in Bangkok from Type 38 parts for a handy carbine for police. The stock and barrel was cut down.
The stocks were cut out like a stock and used M1 carbine slings and oilers. Some bolts were turned down, some not.
Some had the Royal Thai Police symbol stamped on the receiver with '91' (๙๑) stamped above it and some received the Siamese Charkra stamped on the receiver. They all retained their original Japanese caliber of 6.5x50sr. Mexican Model 1913 rifle and carbine Ordered in mid 1913 from the in the standard Mexican military caliber, for 50,000 rifles and later for another 25,000 carbines from the. They were made to fit the Mexican, 1902 or 1910 bayonets. In early 1914 the first 10,000-15,000 rifles arrived in Mexico, but the Japanese suspended, probably because Huerta had fled the country in mid-1914 and feared they would not be paid for the rest. In late 1914 or early 1915, desperate for arms, bought the remainder left in Japan which was either 35,400 or 60,000 rifles and carbines.
The first few thousand rifles had three interlocking circles on the receiver, the rest had the Mexican crest under 'Republica Mexicana'. Estonian KL.303 Estonian conversion of standard Type 38 to cartridge, intended for usage by second line troops of the.
Total 24,000 rifles were rebored during 1929-1934. Users.: captured and abandoned weapons used by the Burmese against the Japanese and the British., captured from and used against Japanese forces.: Ex-Russian stock used in the, later, 24,000 Type 38s were converted to the KL.303 variant.: Ex-Russian stock.: Purchased during World War I.: Captured Japanese weapons after Japan's World War II surrender and used them in the Indonesian Independence War.
Firearm Technical Trivia, September 2000 CRUFFLER.COM presents Firearms Technical Trivia, September 2000: Arisaka Rifle Collector's Guide by In the late 19th Century, Imperial Japan joined other industrial nations in equipping its military forces a repeating bolt-action rifle that fired smokeless powder cartridges. This rifle became known as the Arisaka rifle, after the man in charge of selecting them, Lieutenant Colonel Nariakira Arisaka. From its adoption in the 30th year of the Meiji emperor (that's 1895 to those of you who don't speak Imperial Japanese dates) to the end of the World War Two (1945), the Arisaka served as Imperial Japan's main longarm in one form or another for fifty years.
Although many were brought back by American GI's during and immediately after World War Two as souvenirs, they have never achieved the same degree of collectability as the German K98 Mauser rifles. This is due in part to the relative scarcity of ammunition chambered for these rifles, and the unearned reputation for poor quality resulting from the very dangerous practice of firing standard ammunition through training rifles. Times have changed, however, and there is a growing interest in Arisaka rifles by historians, crufflers, and people who wonder just what kind of rifle they found in their grandfather's attic. This is a primer for those wishing to know more about the Arisaka rifles and should be enough to help someone identify rifles of interest.
For more detail, the collector may want to invest in a good reference book such as Fred Honeycutt's '.' GENERAL APPEARANCE: There are a few features common to all variants of the Arisaka rifles. These include a two-piece buttstock, plum or egg-shaped bolt handle, and a 16-petal chrysanthemum, or 'mum,' on the receiver ring. Arisaka Receiver Ring Chrysanthemum In some cases, the mum may have been marred or ground off by Japanese soldiers in anticipation of the arm's capture by enemy forces or by General MacArthur's edict. (Both of these defacements serve the same purpose, to preserve the honor of the Emperor of Japan, as the chrysanthemum is the Imperial symbol). The serial number, manufacturer's symbol, and sometimes the series symbol are all located on the left side of the receiver. The following charts provide a rough guide toward interpreting these symbols: 1.
The shiki (type)character and the characters for the Japanese numerals: Japanese Characters Used on Arisaka Rifles Character Meaning Type 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 2. Each Japanese rifle was marked with the symbol of either the arsenal of manufacture or the arsenal that supervised the manufacturing subcontractor. This mark can be found on the left side of the receiver at the end of the rifle serial number.
Rifles manufactured by a commercial subcontractor bear the subcontractor's mark to the right of the supervising arsenal's mark. Japanese Rifle Manufacturers Symbol Arsenal/Subcontractor Period of Operation Koishikawa Arsenal (Tokyo) 1870-1935 Kokura Arsenal 1935-1945 Nagoya Arsenal 1923-1945 Jinsen Arsenal (Korea) 1923-1945 Mukden Arsenal (Manchuria) 1931-1945 Toyo Kogyo 1939-1945 Tokyo Juki Kogyo 1940-1945 Tokyo Juki Kogyo 1940-1945 Howa Jyuko 1940-1945 Izawa Jyuko 1940-1945 3. All Japanese military rifles had serial numbers except extremely rare prototypes, other pre-production guns, and occasional rifles assembled very late in World War II. The serial number was stamped on the left side of the receiver, followed by the arsenal symbol. Initially, rifles make in Japanese arsenals were numbered consecutively within each Type designation. In 1933 this scheme was replaced by a system in which rifles were numbered in blocks, or series, of 99,999 each actually 100,000, according to Honeycutt, running from serial numbers 0 through 99,999. Each series was identified by a small Japanese character ( kana) placed within a circle to the left of the serial number.
Specific blocks of kana were assigned to each arsenal or manufacturer to use for a specific rifle type. Series Markings Series Number Series Mark Series Number Series Mark 1 24 2 25 3 26 4 27 5 28 6 29 7 30 8 31 9 32 10 33 11 34 12 35 20 37 21 40 22 45 23 (Special thanks to Bryan Brown for permitting CRUFFLER.COM to use the above charts and data. Please visit Bryan's site at.) ARISAKA VARIANTS Type 30 Rifle and Carbine: These are easily identified by the hook shaped safety on the back of the bolt. This and all models until the Type 99 have a bore diameter of 6.5mm. Arisaka Type 30 Image Credit: Honeycutt, Fred L. Patt Anthoyn, Military Rifles of Japan, Julin Books, Palm Beach Gardens, Florida, 1996, Page 31 Type 35 Rifle: These are rather scarce and can be identified by its small round safety.
Late in WWII, Japan created 'substitute standard' rifles using Type 35 barreled actions and 'last ditch' parts made from inferior materials. These are referred to by collectors as the Model 02/45 rifle. Arisaka Type 35 Image Credit: Honeycutt, Fred L. Patt Anthoyn, Military Rifles of Japan, Julin Books, Palm Beach Gardens, Florida, 1996, Page 37 Type 38 Rifle and Carbine: These can be distinguished by both its very long and short lengths, elaborately machined safety knobs, and two gas vent holes over the chamber. Carbines have very short rear sights as opposed to the long ladder sights of the rifle. The Japanese rebarreled some rifles to an intermediate length, and designated them as 'Cavalry rifles'.
Arisaka Type 38 Image Credit: Honeycutt, Fred L. Patt Anthoyn, Military Rifles of Japan, Julin Books, Palm Beach Gardens, Florida, 1996, Page 49 Type 44 Cavalry Carbine: These have a permanently mounted bayonet, side mounted sling swivels, and a trap built into the buttstock. Arisaka Type 44 Image Credit: Honeycutt, Fred L. Patt Anthoyn, Military Rifles of Japan, Julin Books, Palm Beach Gardens, Florida, 1996, Page 31 Type 'I' Rifle: This Italian built rifle looks similar to the Type 38 rifle, except that it uses a Carcano action, has no vent holes, and lacks any markings except a serial number.
Arisaka Type I Image Credit: Honeycutt, Fred L. Tally 9 release 2.14 with crack. Patt Anthoyn, Military Rifles of Japan, Julin Books, Palm Beach Gardens, Florida, 1996, Page 147 Type 99 Rifle: This is the WWII version of the Arisaka rifle and it differs from the earlier versions with a 7.7mm caliber bore, a single vent hole over the chamber, a front barrel band held on by screws or rivets, its intermediate length, and its rear aperture sight. As the war progressed and production became increasingly difficult, the rifles grew more crude in appearance as inferior materials were used and fit/finish standards were lowered significantly. These are often called 'last ditch' models.
Arisaka Type 99 Image Credit: Honeycutt, Fred L. Patt Anthoyn, Military Rifles of Japan, Julin Books, Palm Beach Gardens, Florida, 1996, Page 110 The following are relatively rare, but worthy of mention: Paratroop Rifles: The Type 1, Type 2, and Type 100 paratroop rifles are all two-part takedown rifles that are similar to Type 99s in appearance. Arisaka Type 100 Paratroop Rifle Image Credit: Honeycutt, Fred L. Patt Anthoyn, Military Rifles of Japan, Julin Books, Palm Beach Gardens, Florida, 1996, Page 31 Sniper Rifles: The Type 97 and Type 99 are basically standard Type 38 and 99 rifles that have been fitted with scope mounts and bent handles. Arisaka Type 97 Sniper Rifle Image Credit: Honeycutt, Fred L. Patt Anthoyn, Military Rifles of Japan, Julin Books, Palm Beach Gardens, Florida, 1996, Page 81 Training Rifles: These are Japanese rifles of all types that have been converted to smoothbore training rifles that can only be fired with blank ammunition. Other training rifles are no more than elaborate cap guns.
Arisaka Training Rifles Image Credit: Honeycutt, Fred L. Patt Anthoyn, Military Rifles of Japan, Julin Books, Palm Beach Gardens, Florida, 1996, Page 173 Note: Data for this month's trivia page was gathered from: Military Rifles of Japan, by Fred Honeycutt, Jr., Julin Books, 1996 Military Rifles of Japan is available from IDSA Books. Click on the image to order.
Picked up a Arisaka Type 99 rifle yesterday, the bluing is pretty damn good, the stock has a serious 'been there done that look' and the bore is pretty good, chrome lined. Looks like the rifling might be a little weak at the muzzle. The bolt is the only mismatched part, but it came with the dust cover, and 'wings' on the rear sight ( aircraft sights? ) The Mum is intact.
Serial Number Lookup Specs
From what i can find online, its a Tokyo Juki Kogyo factory built rifle, Series 37 i believe, the character reference online was close to what is stamped on the rifle to the front of the serial number. Serial number is 274XX ( obviously those XX are really numbers but i dont want to list the entire serial number here ) all that i could find for the build date was '1939-1945' which isnt helpful! Its definitely an early war rifle, i just would love to know what year it was made if possible. Thanks in advance for any help or advice! Looking in Don Voigt's book, the TJK series 37 was made from III'42 to IV'43. You do the math to guestimate by the serial number where it might fall in that time frame.
The 'X's don't count.:) In all seriousness,I have yet to see where somebody has accused someone of stealing a gun because they listed the serial number. In the case of some of these rifles, the complete number could be a factor in identifying certain parts that were only used on that particular series or period of manufacture. Dean (the other one) (I'm looking at page 28, 2010 edition of Don's book). Congrats on your first T 99, and welcome to the boards. Just be careful, they are known to be addictive! I converted the Japanese fiscal year data to calendar quarters for us dummies; so when you read the chart it is done in 'normal' calendar quarters.
The 37th series probably was a 'slow' series and mfg. Stretched longer than most 100k rifle series. Given the uncertainty of the data available, as pointed out in the T 99 book, I would guess 27K was reached sometime between Sept 1942 and March 1943. Oh is that why people don't list all the serial numbers on their guns? I was always wondering what the concern was. I have seen a few on Gunbroker where they actually blur out the first 3 numbers, so you can't even confirm a year of manufacture, let alone a month.
Regards PatThe only 'true' stories of serial numbers being abused is 2nd hand from a couple of dealers who claim that someone bought their gun (lugers in this instance), swapped their mismatched parts and sent it back as not nice enough. As a former 'dealer' the solution is obvious, you know your gun before you send it out and if it arrives back like this, you tell them, sorry it has been messed with, NO refund. On line, it is a urban myth that you should worry about the serial number, as said above, I have never heard a true story of someone claiming it was 'theirs'. Yeah, but you have to be careful of the slings. I saws a 99 in a GA pawn shop several years ago, it had a woven rope or string sling. Later I told the late Roy Cooper of Birmingham about it, he had a son in GA and the son visited the pawn shop bought the rifle for Roy. The rifle was in a display Roy had at a Birmingham show A viewer looked at the rifle and told Roy, 'That rifle was stolen from me, I recognize the sling.'
Roy immediately told the speaker of the history of his obtaining the rifle and offered the rifle free to the former owner. The gentleman declined saying insurance had paid him more than the rifle was worth and Roy should keep the rifle. I believe it is now in the Blevins collection.
But i dont want to be the first guy that some anti gun liberal picks randomly off of the internet to mess with!!!Yes, pretty much paranoid. You will find scores of rifles ID'd by their full serial number online; here, on online auctions, in books, too many to count, of course this is JMO and the opinion of most of us on the boards. But do what you like! It's still a pretty much free country.
However, a partial serial number is of little use to a researcher, so when you want info, you have to give info! These 'when was is made' questions always kinda grate on me, especially with the T-99s.
They were only made for 5 years and there's an early to late regression in features so it's not that big of a deal for me & never has been. The 6.5mm rifles are a different matter since they were made for a much longer period of timeI agree, it sure is a little odd; the second question is usually 'When was it made?' , right after the first question of 'What is it?' Sure is a lot of interest in the date of mfg. I'm much more interested in 'Where was it used/found and by whom?'
Serial Number Lookup Stolen
Castle-Thunder.com: Japanese Arisaka Rifle Identification Japanese Rifle Identification Main Page - Back to Main Page Receiver Markings Japanese Rifles 1897-1945 Modern Japanese rifles were produced in various configurations and calibers at several located thoughout Japan, China, and Korea from about 1897 through 1945. Below are the markings on rifles in 6.5 Japanese Caliber manufactured from 1897 until the mid 1940's. These rifles include: The Type 30 Long Rifle and Carbine, the Type 35 Rifle, the Type 38 Long Rifle, Short Rifle, and Carbine, the Type 44 Carbine, the Type 97 Sniper Rifle, and the Italian Type I Long Rifle.
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